Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 18 1 2019 01 17 25 32 EN Shri Mishra Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States Hadi Mohammad Khanli Department of Neurology, George Washington School of Health and Medical Sciences, Washington, DC, United States Golnoush Akhlaghipour Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States Ghazaleh Ahmadi Jazi Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States Shaweta Khosa Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States 2018 09 07 2019 01 17 Iran is an ancient country, known as the cradle of civilization. The history of medicine in Iran goes back to the existence of a human in this country, divided into three periods: pre-Islamic, medieval, and modern period. There are records of different neurologic terms from the early period, while Zoroastrian (religious) prescription was mainly used until the foundation of the first medical center (Gondishapur). In the medieval period, with the conquest of Islam, prominent scientists were taught in Baghdad, like Avicenna, who referred to different neurologic diseases including stroke, paralysis, tremor, and meningitis. Several outstanding scientists developed the medical science of neurology in Iran, the work of whom has been used by other countries in the past and present. In the modern era, the Iranian Neurological Association was established with the efforts of Professor Jalal Barimani in 1991. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1638