Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 18 1 2019 03 14 19 24 Nayereh Akbari Neuroscience Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Ahmad Hormati Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Ehsan Sharifipour Neuroscience Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Seyed Amir Hejazi Neuroscience Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Fatemeh Jafari Neuroscience Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Seyed Ali Mousavi-Aghdas Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Samad EJ Golzari Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran and Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2019 01 04 2019 03 14 Background: Numerous studies have evaluated the impact of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on the number, severity, and recurrence of migraine attacks. But the association of migraine, H. pylori, and gastrointestinal (GI) presentation is challenging. The aim of the current study was to investigate the correlation between migraine, H. pylori, and peptic ulcers among patients with dyspepsia undergoing upper GI endoscopy. Methods: 305 dyspeptic patients referring to our endoscopy ward, Shahid Beheshti Hospital affiliated to Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, for upper GI endoscopy filled out the study questionnaire. If a patient was experiencing headaches and the migraine was confirmed by neurologists, he/she was asked to answer the questions related to migraine, which were prepared exactly from Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire. The relation between migraine and confirmed H. pylori contamination was investigated using statistical models. Results: Of all the 305 patients, 133 (43.6%) had confirmed episodic migraine headaches (MHs). 52 (17.0%) had duodenal peptic ulcer(s), of which, 49 (94.2%) had a positive rapid urease test (RUT) (P < 0.001). 20 (6.5%) of all patients had the gastric peptic ulcer(s) which did not have a significant relation with H. pylori contamination. There was a significant relationship between the peptic ulcer site and migraine. In total, 177 patients (58.0%) had a positive RUT. History of migraine was significantly positive in those with positive H. Pylori contamination. Notably, multivariable analysis demonstrated a significant relation of H. pylori and migraine at younger ages. Conclusion: Patients with dyspepsia seem to have more migraine attacks. Also, it seems that there is a meaningful association between migraine, duodenal peptic ulcers, and H. pylori. infection, too. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1726