Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 13 4 2014 12 15 231 236 Babak Bakhshayesh Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Mozaffar Hosseininezhad Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Seyed Mohammad Seyed Saadat School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Morvarid Hajmanuchehri Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Ehsan Kazemnezhad Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Amir-Reza Ghayeghran Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. 2015 10 14 Background: Intracerebral  hemorrhage (ICH) is the  most fatal subtype  of stroke.  Despite  limited effective therapy, there  is no  accepted clinical grading  scale to  predict  in- hospital  mortality,  especially  in developing  nations.  The purpose  of this study was to assess the  predictors  of in- hospital mortality among a sample of Iranian patients  with spontaneous ICH for use at the time of the first evaluation. Methods: This prospective  study was carried from January 2010 to  the  end  of January  2011. Demographic, clinical, and   laboratory   data   of  ICH   patients   were   collected. Hematoma  volume and perihematoma edema  (PHE) were measured   on  brain  computed  tomography scan  using ABC/2 formula. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent variables contributing to in- hospital mortality. Results:  Of  a  total   167  consecutive   ICH   patients,  98 patients  met inclusion criteria. Mean ± standard  deviation age  of  patients   was  70.16  ±  12.52.  Afte   multivariate analysis, five variables remained as independent predictors of   in-hospital    mortality    included:   age    [odds    ratio (OR)  =  1.12,  95%  confidence   interval  (CI)   =  1.03-1.23, P = 0.009], diabetes  mellitus (OR = 10.86, 95% CI = 1.08- 109.24, P = 0.009), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.08-1.68, P ≤ 0.001), as well as volume of hematoma (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 1.03-1.17, P  =  0.003),  and  PHE  (OR  =  0.75,  95%  CI  =  0.60-0.93, P = 0.010). Conclusion: Our results indicate  that  older age, diabetes mellitus,  higher   NIHSS,  as   well  as  larger   volume   of hematoma, and  smaller PHE on admission  are important predictors of in-hospital mortality in our ICH patients. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/588 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/588/214