Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 13 1 2014 03 15 45 47 Masoud Mehrpour Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences AND Iranian Center of Neurological Research (ICNR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Saeed Rezaali Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran. Narges Sadat Shams-Hosseini Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine AND Center for Research on Occupational Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 14 Background: Scuba divers work in high pressure conditions which may cause some changes in physiological status to adapt to this situation. In this study, the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was assessed in divers as a risk factor of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disorders. Methods: This historical cohort study was performed on 16 male professional scuba divers as case group and 30 healthy people as controls with age range of 26-66 years. CIMT of both carotids of supine participants was measured by a 10 MHz linear ultrasonic probe quantitatively. Relationship between experience of diving and carotid IMT was evaluated. Results: All the participants were males (mean age 42.9 ± 10.58. and for the control group was (47.05 ± 12.31 years). The mean right CIMT in divers and control group was 524.31 ± 149.40 and 443.66 ± 59.62 micrometer, respectively. Furthermore, the mean left CIMT in divers and control group was 624.57 ± 116.15 and 458.44 ± 49.56 micrometer, respectively. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that long-term occupational diving leads to increased intima-media thickness in scuba divers. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/625 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/625/177