Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 14 2 2016 02 20 1 1 EN Iranian Journal of Neurology Iranian Journal of Neurology Official journal of Iranian Neurologyical Association 2016 02 20  No Abstract https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/996 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/996/264

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 14 2 2015 06 15 59 66 Reza Karami Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Mahmoud Hosseini Neurocognitive Research Center AND Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Toktam Mohammadpour Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center AND Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Ahmad Ghorbani Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants AND Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Hamid Reza Sadeghnia Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants AND Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Hassan Rakhshandeh Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants AND Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Farzaneh Vafaee Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center AND Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Mahdi Esmaeilizadeh Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran. 2015 10 14 Background: An important role for oxidative stress, as a consequence of epileptic seizures, has been suggested. Coriandrum sativum has been shown that have antioxidant effects. Central nervous system depressant effects of C. sativum have also been reported. In this study, the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of the plants on brain tissues oxidative damages following seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) was investigated in rats. Methods: The rats were divided into five groups and treated: (1) Control (saline), (2) PTZ (90 mg/kg, i.p.), (3-5) three doses (100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of C. sativum extract (CSE) before PTZ. Latencies to the first minimal clonic seizures (MCS) and the first generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) were recorded. The  cortical and hippocampal tissues were then removed for biochemical measurements. Results: The extract significantly increased the MCS and GTCS latencies (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) following PTZ-induced seizures. The malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in both cortical and hippocampal tissues of PTZ group were significantly higher than those of the control animals (P < 0.001). Pretreatment with the extract prevented elevation of the MDA levels (P < 0.010–P < 0.001). Following PTZ administration, a significant reduction in total thiol groups was observed in both cortical and hippocampal tissues (P < 0.050). Pretreatment with the 500 mg/kg of the extract caused a significant prevention of decreased in total thiol concentration in the cortical tissues (P < 0.010). Conclusion: The present study showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial parts of C. sativum possess significant antioxidant and anticonvulsant activities. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/569 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/569/233

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 14 2 2015 06 15 67 73 Masoud Etemadifar Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Mohsen Janghorbani Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 2015 10 14 Background: The aim of this preliminary study was to assess the safety and efficacy of high-dose oral vitamin D3 supplementation during pregnancy in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) in Isfahan, Iran. Methods:In a single center open-label randomized, controlled clinical Phase I/II pilot study, 15 pregnant women with confirmed MS with low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were randomly allocated to receive either 50,000 IU/week vitamin D3 or routine care from 12 to 16 weeks of gestation till delivery. The main outcome measures were mean change in serum 25(OH)D levels, expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score, and number of relapse events during pregnancy and within 6 months after delivery. Results: Average serum 25(OH)D level at the end of trial in vitamin D3 supplemented group was higher than routine care group (33.7 ng/mL vs. 14.6 ng/ml, P < 0.050). In vitamin D3 group, the mean EDSS did not changed 6 months after delivery (P > 0.050), whereas in routine care group, the mean EDSS increased from 1.3 (0.4) to 1.7 (0.6) (P < 0.070). Women in vitamin D3 group appeared to have fewer relapse events during pregnancy and within 6 months after delivery. No significant adverse events occurred. Conclusion:Adding high dose vitamin D3 supplementation during pregnancy to routine care of women with MS had significant effect on the serum 25(OH)D levels, EDSS and number of relapse events during pregnancy and within 6 months after delivery. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/568 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/568/234

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 14 2 2015 06 15 74 80 Omid Sadeghi Food Security Research Center AND Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Morteza Nasiri Department of Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Zahra Maghsoudi Food Security Research Center AND Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Naseh Pahlavani Food Security Research Center AND Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Masoud Rezaie Department of Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Gholamreza Askari Food Security Research Center AND Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 2015 10 14 Background:Migraine is a chronic disease that affects nearly 6% of men and 18% of women worldwide. There are various drugs, which can successfully decrease migraine symptoms and frequency of migraine attacks, but these drugs usually are expensive. Hence, this study aimed to assess the effects of pyridoxine  supplementation on severity, frequency and duration of migraine attacks as well as headache diary results (HDR). Methods:This double-blind randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 66 patients with migraine with aura (MA) in Khorshid and Emam Mosa Sadr clinics of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2013. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either pyridoxine supplements (80 mg pyridoxine per day) or placebo. Severity, frequency and duration of migraine attacks and HDR were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. Results:Mean age of patients was 34.24 ± 9.44 years old. Pyridoxine supplementation led to a significant decrease in headache severity (-2.20 ± 1.70 compared with -1 ± 1.50; P = 0.007), attacks duration (-8.30 ± 12.60 compared with -1.70 ± 9.60; P = 0.030) and HDR (-89.70 ± 134.60 compared with -6.10 ± 155.50; P = 0.040) compared with placebo, but was not effective on the frequency of migraine attacks (-2.30 ± 4 compared with -1.20 ± 7.80; P = 0.510). Conclusion:Pyridoxine supplementation in patients with MA was effective on headache severity, attacks duration and HDR, but did not affect the frequency of migraine attacks. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/567 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/567/235

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 14 2 2015 06 15 81 85 Ghazaleh Eskandari Brain and Spinal Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mahsa Ghajarzadeh Brain and Spinal Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mir Saeed Yekaninejad Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Ali Sahraian MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Razieh Gorji Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Faezeh Rajaei Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abbas Norouzi-Javidan Brain and Spinal Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Alireza Faridar Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX. Amirreza Azimi Brain and Spinal Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 14 Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune,  neuro- inflammatory disease  of  central nervous system affecting physical, emotional, and cognitive aspects of patients. Association of vitamin D deficiency and MS has been shown in previous studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum vitamin D level in MS cases and their sex-matched healthy siblings (who are genetically near similar) and non-relative sex-matched healthy controls. Methods: A total of 135 subjects enrolled in this case- control study. Group one (n = 45) consisted of patients with established MS. Group two (n = 45) included sex- matched healthy siblings of the group one and group three participants (n = 45) were non-relative sex- matched  healthy  controls.  Demographic  data  (age, sex), level of education, daily sun exposure duration, and month of birth gathered for all. Serum sample of all participants was collected for 25-hydroxy vitamin D measurement. Results: There was no significant difference between vitamin D level, sun exposure duration, education level, and season of birth in three evaluated groups. Mean vitamin D level was 8.2 ± 10.1 (nmol/l) in women and 13.3 ± 7 (nmol/l) in men (P = 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between daily sun exposure duration and vitamin D level in whole participants (r = 0.28, P < 0.001) as well as in MS patients (r = 0.32, P = 0.030). Mean vitamin D level was significantly lower  in  participants  who  have  born  in spring and summer. Conclusion:  Vitamin  D  deficiency  is  high  among Iranian population as well as MS patients. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/566 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/566/236

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 14 2 2015 06 15 86 93 Kandadai Rukmini Mridula Department of Neurology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Autonomous University, Hyderabad, India. Rupam Borgohain Department of Neurology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Autonomous University, Hyderabad, India. Shaik Afshan Jabeen Department of Neurology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Autonomous University, Hyderabad, India. Gaddamanugu Padmaja Department of Neurology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Autonomous University, Hyderabad, India. Vcs Srinivasarao Bandaru Department of Research, Yashoda Hospital Somajiguda Hyderabad, India. Praveen Ankathi Department of Neurosurgery, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Autonomous University, Hyderabad, India. Meena A Kanikannan Department of Neurology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Autonomous University, Hyderabad, India. Mohammed Shujath Ali Khan Department of Neurology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Autonomous University, Hyderabad, India. 2015 10 14 Background: Non motor symptoms (NMS) of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) are a major cause of disability and recognition of these symptoms and treatment is important for comprehensive health care. Deep   brain   stimulation   of   bilateral   subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) has been shown to improve motor symptoms in PD and effects on NMS are unknown. To investigate the NMS among PD patients who underwent STN DBS. Methods: We recruited prospectively 56 patients with PD, who had undergone bilateral STN DBS and 53 age and duration of illness  matched PD patients on dopaminergic therapy (controls). NMS were assessed using 30 item questionnaire NMS Quest. These questions  evaluated  9 domains, gastrointestinal, urinary,  cardiovascular, sexual, cognition (apathy/attention/memory), anxiety/depression, hallucinations/delusions, sleep an dmiscellaneous. Comparison was done on individual symptoms as well as  in  various  domains.  This  study  was  carried  at Nizam’s  Institution  of  Medical  Sciences  and  study period was from January 2011 to December 2012. Results:  Patients  who underwent STN  DBS  had  a significantly lower  mean  total  score  on  NMS  quest (6.7   ±   3.8)   compared   to   controls   (8.4   ±   3.7) (P   <   0.00100).  Symptoms   in   the   domains   of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, sleep were significantly less    frequent  while  sexual  disturbances  were significantly more frequent among patients compared to controls.  On  individual  symptom  analysis,  nocturia (P  <  0.00010),  unexplained  pains  (P  <  0.00010), nausea  and  vomiting,  constipation,  lightheadedness, depression, and insomnia were less prevalent, while sexual disturbances were significantly more common in STN DBS group compared to controls. Conclusion: Bilateral STN DBS not only improves the motor symptoms but also improves many NMS in PD patients. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/565 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/565/237

Tehran Univety of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 16 4 2017 10 07 178 184 EN Kadir Bahcecı Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Ebru Umay Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Ibrahim Gundogdu Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Eda Gurcay Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Erhan Ozturk Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Sibel Alıcura Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Clinic, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey 2016 11 17 2017 08 21 Background: Swallowing and swallowing-related quality of life studies following stroke were almost always performed by including both patients with brainstem and cortical involvement. It was aimed in this study to show the presence of dysphagia in patients with only cortical ischemic stroke and to investigate the interaction between dysphagia and quality of life as well as to evaluate the effect of a rehabilitation program in the acute phase. Methods: Seventy-two patients with cortical stroke (between 0 and 30 days) and dysphagia were included. Swallowing function of patients was assessed by dysphagia screen questionnaire and fiberoptic endoscopic assessment. Also, functional impairment and swallowing quality of life were assessed. The swallowing rehabilitation program for 4 weeks was given to all patients. Results: All patients demonstrated disorders related to oral phase (n = 69, 95.8%), pharyngeal phase (n = 4, 5.6%) or both phases. The swallowing function, swallowing quality of life and functional impairment were improved at the end of therapy. Conclusion: Swallowing quality of life is severely affected in cortical hemispheric stroke patients and can be improved with an early rehabilitation program. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1178 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/1178/353

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 16 4 2017 10 07 185 191 EN Jafar Mehvari-Habibabadi Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Reza Basiratnia Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Houshang Moein Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Mohammad Zare Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Majid Barakatain Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Yahya Aghakhani Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Nasim Tabrizi Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 2017 08 07 2017 08 21 Background: To investigate ictal onset patterns (IOP) in scalp electroencephalography (EEG) of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and their prognostic effect on the postoperative outcome. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study between 2011 and 2015 in our referral Epilepsy Surgery Center enrolling adult patients with refractory TLE and a visible epileptogenic lesion in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), who underwent epilepsy surgery. Demographic, clinical and MRI findings were collected and ictal findings during video-EEG monitoring were reviewed in detail. The correlation between preoperative findings and the postsurgical outcome was analyzed. Results: We reviewed 303 seizures in 93 patients. Rhythmic theta and rhythmic spike/sharp and wave were respectively the most common initial ictal pattern and late significant discharges. Engel class I outcome was observed in 88.2% of patients. Female sex, aura, the absence of secondary generalization, rhythmic theta as initial ictal pattern and concordance of ictal-interictal EEG findings were correlated with favorable 1-year postsurgical outcome. Conclusion: Preoperative clinical and EEG findings can provide valuable information regarding postsurgical prognosis in TLE patients. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1377 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/1377/354

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 16 4 2017 10 07 192 200 EN Laleh Habibi Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abbas Tafakhori Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Rasoul Hadiani Heavy Metals Analysis Lab., Food and Drug Laboratories Research Center, Food and Drug Organization, Tehran, Iran Maryam Maserat-Mashhadi Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zeinab Kafrash Center of Diabetes Screening, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shahla Torabi Center of Diabetes Screening, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Azhdarzadeh Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Mohammad Akrami Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran Morteza Mahmoudi Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Center of Diabetes Screening, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Rasoul Dinarvand Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 05 29 2017 09 14 Background: Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) are categorized as multifactorial conditions with different molecular and environmental causes. Disturbance of important signaling pathways, such as energy metabolism and inflammation induced by environmental agents, is involved in the pathophysiology of NDs. It has been proposed that changes in the lifestyle and nutrition (metabolism) during mid-life could trigger and accumulate cellular and molecular damages resulting in NDs during aging. Methods: In order to test the hypothesis, we investigated the expression level of two energy metabolism-related [forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) and forkhead box O3 (FOXO3A)] and two pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-6] genes, using quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, changes in the ionic concentration of three essential heavy metals [iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn)] by atomic absorption spectroscopy in patients with NDs, depression, obesity, and diabetes type II, were evaluated and compared with the results of normal individuals. Results: More than half of the participants in obesity, depression, and ND groups had significant up-regulation of FOXO1 and FOXO3A, down-regulation of IL-1β and IL-6, and higher levels of Fe and Cu in their blood. This pattern of gene expression was not repeated in diabetic patients. Conclusion: It could be concluded that individuals affected with different levels of obesity and depression have increased risk of developing NDs later in life, probably through changes in energy metabolism, inflammatory pathways, and ionic concentrations. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1066 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/1066/355

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 16 4 2017 11 16 201 209 EN Ahmad Bahonar Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Alireza Khosravi Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Fariborz Khorvash Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Mohammadreza Maracy Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran