Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 17 2 2018 04 07 58 63 EN Roshanak Mehdipour-Dastjerdi Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Fereshteh Ashtari Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Vahid Shaygannejad Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Marjan Mansourian Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Ali Safaei Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 2017 03 04 2018 02 24 Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease (NMOSD) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder that involves central nervous system (CNS) with high affinity for involvement of optic nerve and spinal cord. In current study, due to high prevalence of NMOSD in Isfahan, Iran, we have aimed to assess brain and spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with NMOSD. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 62 patients with diagnosis of NMOSD, who referred to MS clinic of Kashani hospital, Isfahan City, during 2015-17. Patients' age, age of onset, primary brain and spine MRI findings, and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) were recorded in check list. Patients underwent new brain and spine MRI. Data were analyzed with SPSS software. Descriptive data were reported by mean ± standard deviation (SD). Results: 62 known cases of NMOSD including 9 (14.5%) men and 53 (85.5%) women with mean age of 34.32 ± 10.26 years, mean age of onset of 28.03 ± 12.09 years, and mean EDSS of 2.63 ± 1.55 were assessed. 33.9% of patients were anti-neuromyelitis optica (NMO) antibody seropositive. Longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) and segmental spinal lesions were found in 66.1% and 29.0% of patients, respectively. Diagnostic NMO brain lesions and posterior periventricular lesions were seen in 38.7% and 67.7% of patients, respectively. Two patients had tumefactive lesions. Conclusion: In current study, we found high rate of posterior periventricular lesions in brain MRI and segmental lesions in spine MRI of both anti-NMO antibody seropositive and seronegative patients. As these lesions are not in NMOSD diagnosis criteria, more considerations are recommended. In addition, tumefactive lesions in patients with NMOSD were an exciting finding of this study that should be discussed about more. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1268 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/1268/372

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 17 2 2018 04 12 86 88 EN Marianna Riolo Department of Experimental Biomedicine, Neuroscience Clinic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Valentina Arnao Department of Experimental Biomedicine, Neuroscience Clinic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Fabio Giacalone Department of Experimental Biomedicine, Neuroscience Clinic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Roberto Citarrella Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialized Medicine (DIBIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Daniela Cabibbi Department of Science for the Promotion of Mother and Child Health, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Massimo Cajozzo Department of Oncological and Stomatological Surgical Disciplines, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Paolo Aridon Department of Experimental Biomedicine, Neuroscience Clinic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy 2018 02 28 2018 04 12 Doege-Potter syndrome: When seizures and hypoglycemia collide https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1516 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/1516/376

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 17 2 2018 04 07 89 90 EN Seyed Mohammad Baghbanian Bualicina Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 11 09 2018 02 28 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1437 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/1437/377

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 17 2 2018 04 07 97 98 EN Mohammad Reza Sasani Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Ali Reza Dehghan Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2017 09 01 2018 02 19 Unilateral internal carotid artery agenesis: Correct diagnosis using computed tomography (CT) scan https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1398 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/1398/381

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 17 2 2018 04 07 82 85 EN Arezoo Chouhdari Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Clinical Research Development Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Kaveh Ebrahimzadeh Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Omidvar Rezaei Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Samadian Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Giv Sharifi Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili Anesthesiology Research Center, Loghman Hakim Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2018 01 21 2018 02 19 Background: Postoperative meningitis (POM) is the most dreaded cause of morbidity and mortality in neurosurgery patients. This study aimed to identify incidence and mortality rate as well as related factors to outcome in patients with POM. Methods: This descriptive longitudinal study conducted on patients with POM in duration of 2 years. Incidence and mortality rates as well as related factors were studied. Results: The incidence and mortality rates of POM was 8.9% and 50%, respectively. There were statistically significant association between male gender, as well as having mechanical ventilation, and death outcome in univariable analysis. In addition, in multivariable logistic regression analysis, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay of more than 7 days [Odds ratio (OR): 1.2, confidence interval of 95% (95%CI): 1.02-6.2), mechanical ventilation (OR: 1.1, 95%CI: 1.05-5.1], positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture (OR: 2.4, 95%CI: 1.9-4.08) were predicting factors to death outcome. Finally, we found an inverse relationship between survival function and length of ICU stay in patients with POM. Conclusion: According to the high rates of incidence and mortality due to POM in this study, preventive studies to decrease this dreaded cause of morbidity and mortality in neurosurgery patients should be the planned. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1498 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/1498/379

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 17 2 2018 04 07 64 70 EN Rozita Doosti Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mansoureh Togha Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Neurology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Neurology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Aida Aghsaei Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Amir Reza Azimi Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Neurology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saeideh Khorramnia Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zahra Moinfar Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fereshteh Ensani Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Hossein Harirchian Iranian Center for Neurological Research, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Alireza Minagar Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA Mohammad Ali Sahraian Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Iranian Center for Neurological Research, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 09 06 2018 02 24 Background: Since most patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) are women, the present study aimed to determine whether treatment of patients with MS by cytotoxic agents is associated with an increased risk of cervical dysplasia. Cancer screening is often neglected in the chronic diseases such as MS, so more attention in this field was needed. Decreasing morbidity and mortality due to cervical cancer is the most important goal of screening in female MS patients especially in child bearing age. Thus, it can be said that this is the first study which investigated this important issue. Methods: A total of 129 individuals participated in this cohort study. They were assigned into 3 groups including 43 patients with MS who were treated with cytotoxic drugs, 43 patients with MS on immunomodulators, and 43 normal healthy controls. Pap smears were performed following standard methods and the results obtained from the three groups were compared by statistical analysis. Demographic data, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and Pap smear changes were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: The most commonly detected abnormality in all examined patients and healthy controls was inflammation. Five patients with MS who were treated with cytotoxic agents revealed benign cellular changes (BCC) in their Pap smear that were statistically significant in comparison with other groups (P = 0.03). Patients who took Mitoxantrone presented BCC more than other groups [Odds ratio (OR) = 9.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.46-60.70]. There was no significant difference between mean duration of MS diagnosis (P = 0.12), mean duration of previous MS treatments (P = 0.25), and mean duration of current MS treatments (P = 0.21) in patients with BCC compared to normal healthy controls or inflammatory change. Conclusion: According to the results of present study, BCC is more frequently observed in patients with MS who were treated with cytotoxic agents with immunosuppressive effect. Since BCC is a ‘premalignant condition’, the authors suggest that mandatory annual Pap smear should be performed for patients with MS who are treated with cytotoxic agents irrespective of their age in order to detect early signs of malignancy. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1403 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/1403/373

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 17 2 2018 04 07 91 94 EN Masoud Etemadifar Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Fatemeh Sabeti Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Mehri Salari Department of Neurology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2018 01 06 2018 02 24 Interferon beta-1b-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP-HUS) in a patient treated for multiple sclerosis: A case report https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1488 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/1488/380

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 17 2 2018 04 12 71 77 EN Mehri Salari Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Mahdi Barzegar Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Masoud Etemadifar Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Omid Mirmosayyeb Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 2017 12 06 2018 04 11 Background: Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, has been related with weight loss and energy balance. Some studies showed that leptin might be playing an important role in satiety, energy balance and immune response. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum leptin level in patients with PD and its association with clinical severity. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 35 patients with PD and 51 healthy controls (HCs), matched for age, sex and body mass index (BMI), were recruited. Serum leptin level was measured and clinical characteristics and demographic data of patients were recorded. Results: The mean age of patients with PD and HCs were 59.80 ± 11.40 and 62.18 ± 11.60 years, respectively. Serum leptin concentration was not statistically different between patients with PD and HCs (21.1 ± 23.1 ng/ml vs 25.9 ± 21.8 ng/ml, P = 0.280). There was no relation between plasma level of leptin and clinical severity of patients with PD. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that serum level of leptin is neither implicated in the pathogenesis of PD, nor decreases as disease progresses. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1460 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/1460/374

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 17 2 2018 04 12 95 96 EN Reza Boostani Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Zahra Baghestani Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2018 01 02 2018 04 12 Polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein, skin changes (POEMS) syndrome complicated by ischemic stroke: A case report https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1478 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/1478/378

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Current Journal of Neurology 2717-011X 17 2 2018 04 21 78 81 EN Mahsa Owji Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Ali Sahraian Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam Bidadian Department of Psychology, School of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Fereshteh Ghadiri Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farnaz Etesam Department of Psychiatry, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Amirreza Azimi Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 11 01 2018 04 19 Background: Emotional intelligence refers to a process through which an individual is not only capable of understanding his/her/others’ emotions, but also is able to manage them. Emotional intelligence can get disturbed due to different neurological diseases. Since cognition and emotion are directly and closely related, the present study aims to evaluate the relationship between emotional intelligence and cognitive disorders in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Methods: The demographic data of 92 MS patients participating in this study were recorded. The emotional intelligence and cognitive disorders were studied using the Bradberry-Greaves, and MS Neuropsychological Questionnaire (MSNQ) tests, respectively. Results: 16 men and 76 women were considered in this study. The mean age of the participants was 33.4 years, the mean duration of the disease was 6.8 years, the mean of Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was 1.97, the mean MSNQ was 21.58, and the mean emotional quotient (EQ) of the patients was 74.18. The MSNQ had a significant relationship with the total EQ and its sub-categories (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that EQ and cognitive disorders are directly relevant to each other; as cognitive disorder increases, the EQ rate decreases. Therefore, cognitive rehabilitation might be effective in enhancing the EQ in these patients. https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/view/1432 https://ijnl.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijnl/article/download/1432/375